TravelingWave.h

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//
// Class TravelingWave
//   Defines the abstract interface for Traveling Wave.
//
// Copyright (c) 200x - 2021, Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
// All rights reserved
//
// This file is part of OPAL.
//
// OPAL is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
// (at your option) any later version.
//
// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
// along with OPAL. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
//
#ifndef CLASSIC_TravelingWave_HH
#define CLASSIC_TravelingWave_HH
 
#include "AbsBeamline/RFCavity.h"
#include "Physics/Physics.h"
 
#include <cmath>
 
class Fieldmap;
 
class TravelingWave : public RFCavity {
public:
    explicit TravelingWave(const std::string& name);
 
    TravelingWave();
    TravelingWave(const TravelingWave&);
    virtual ~TravelingWave();

    virtual void accept(BeamlineVisitor&) const override;

    virtual double getAmplitude() const override = 0;

    virtual double getFrequency() const override = 0;

    virtual double getPhase() const override = 0;
 
    virtual void setPhasem(double phase) override;
 
    void setNumCells(int NumCells);
 
    void setMode(double mode);
 
    virtual double getAutoPhaseEstimate(
        const double& E0, const double& t0, const double& q, const double& m) override;
 
    virtual bool apply(
        const size_t& i, const double& t, Vector_t<double, 3>& E, Vector_t<double, 3>& B) override;
 
    virtual bool apply(
        const Vector_t<double, 3>& R, const Vector_t<double, 3>& P, const double& t,
        Vector_t<double, 3>& E, Vector_t<double, 3>& B) override;
 
    virtual bool applyToReferenceParticle(
        const Vector_t<double, 3>& R, const Vector_t<double, 3>& P, const double& t,
        Vector_t<double, 3>& E, Vector_t<double, 3>& B) override;
 
    virtual void initialise(PartBunch_t* bunch, double& startField, double& endField) override;
 
    virtual void initialise(PartBunch_t* bunch, std::shared_ptr<AbstractTimeDependence> freq_atd,
        std::shared_ptr<AbstractTimeDependence> ampl_atd,
        std::shared_ptr<AbstractTimeDependence> phase_atd) override;
    
    virtual void finalise() override;
 
    virtual bool bends() const override;
 
    virtual void goOnline(const double& kineticEnergy) override;
 
    virtual void goOffline() override;
 
    virtual ElementType getType() const override;
 
    virtual void getDimensions(double& zBegin, double& zEnd) const override;
 
    virtual bool isInside(const Vector_t<double, 3>& r) const override;
 
    virtual void getElementDimensions(double& begin, double& end) const override;
 
    virtual CoordinateSystemTrafo getEdgeToBegin() const override;
    virtual CoordinateSystemTrafo getEdgeToEnd() const override;
 
private:
    double scaleCore_m;
    double scaleCoreError_m;
 
    double phaseCore1_m;
    double phaseCore2_m;
    double phaseExit_m;
 
    double startCoreField_m; 
    double startExitField_m;
    double mappedStartExitField_m;
 
    double periodLength_m;
    int numCells_m;
    double cellLength_m;
    double mode_m;
 
    inline double getdE(
        const int& i, const int& I, const std::vector<double>& t, const double& phi,
        const std::vector<std::pair<double, double> >& F) const;
 
    inline double getdT(
        const int& i, const int& I, const std::vector<double>& E,
        const std::vector<std::pair<double, double> >& F, const double mass) const;
 
    inline double getdA(
        const int& i, const int& I, const std::vector<double>& t, const double& phi,
        const std::vector<std::pair<double, double> >& F) const;
 
    inline double getdB(
        const int& i, const int& I, const std::vector<double>& t, const double& phi,
        const std::vector<std::pair<double, double> >& F) const;
    // Not implemented.
    void operator=(const TravelingWave&);
};
 
double TravelingWave::getdE(
    const int& i, const int& I, const std::vector<double>& t, const double& phi,
    const std::vector<std::pair<double, double> >& F) const {
    return (F[I].first - F[I - 1].first)
           / (frequency_m * frequency_m * (t[i] - t[i - 1]) * (t[i] - t[i - 1]))
           * (frequency_m * (t[i] - t[i - 1])
                  * (F[I].second * std::sin(frequency_m * t[i] + phi)
                     - F[I - 1].second * std::sin(frequency_m * t[i - 1] + phi))
              + (F[I].second - F[I - 1].second)
                    * (std::cos(frequency_m * t[i] + phi)
                       - std::cos(frequency_m * t[i - 1] + phi)));
}
 
double TravelingWave::getdT(
    const int& i, const int& I, const std::vector<double>& E,
    const std::vector<std::pair<double, double> >& F, const double mass) const {
    double gamma1  = 1. + (19. * E[i - 1] + 1. * E[i]) / (20. * mass);
    double gamma2  = 1. + (17. * E[i - 1] + 3. * E[i]) / (20. * mass);
    double gamma3  = 1. + (15. * E[i - 1] + 5. * E[i]) / (20. * mass);
    double gamma4  = 1. + (13. * E[i - 1] + 7. * E[i]) / (20. * mass);
    double gamma5  = 1. + (11. * E[i - 1] + 9. * E[i]) / (20. * mass);
    double gamma6  = 1. + (9. * E[i - 1] + 11. * E[i]) / (20. * mass);
    double gamma7  = 1. + (7. * E[i - 1] + 13. * E[i]) / (20. * mass);
    double gamma8  = 1. + (5. * E[i - 1] + 15. * E[i]) / (20. * mass);
    double gamma9  = 1. + (3. * E[i - 1] + 17. * E[i]) / (20. * mass);
    double gamma10 = 1. + (1. * E[i - 1] + 19. * E[i]) / (20. * mass);
    return (F[I].first - F[I - 1].first)
           * (1. / std::sqrt(1. - 1. / (gamma1 * gamma1))
              + 1. / std::sqrt(1. - 1. / (gamma2 * gamma2))
              + 1. / std::sqrt(1. - 1. / (gamma3 * gamma3))
              + 1. / std::sqrt(1. - 1. / (gamma4 * gamma4))
              + 1. / std::sqrt(1. - 1. / (gamma5 * gamma5))
              + 1. / std::sqrt(1. - 1. / (gamma6 * gamma6))
              + 1. / std::sqrt(1. - 1. / (gamma7 * gamma7))
              + 1. / std::sqrt(1. - 1. / (gamma8 * gamma8))
              + 1. / std::sqrt(1. - 1. / (gamma9 * gamma9))
              + 1. / std::sqrt(1. - 1. / (gamma10 * gamma10)))
           / (10. * Physics::c);
}
 
double TravelingWave::getdA(
    const int& i, const int& I, const std::vector<double>& t, const double& phi,
    const std::vector<std::pair<double, double> >& F) const {
    double dt = t[i] - t[i - 1];
    return (F[I].first - F[I - 1].first) / (frequency_m * frequency_m * dt * dt)
           * (frequency_m * dt
                  * (F[I].second * std::cos(frequency_m * t[i] + phi)
                     - F[I - 1].second * std::cos(frequency_m * t[i - 1] + phi))
              - (F[I].second - F[I - 1].second)
                    * (std::sin(frequency_m * t[i] + phi)
                       - std::sin(frequency_m * t[i - 1] + phi)));
}
 
double TravelingWave::getdB(
    const int& i, const int& I, const std::vector<double>& t, const double& phi,
    const std::vector<std::pair<double, double> >& F) const {
    double dt = t[i] - t[i - 1];
    return (F[I].first - F[I - 1].first) / (frequency_m * frequency_m * dt * dt)
           * (frequency_m * dt
                  * (F[I].second * std::sin(frequency_m * t[i] + phi)
                     - F[I - 1].second * std::sin(frequency_m * t[i - 1] + phi))
              + (F[I].second - F[I - 1].second)
                    * (std::cos(frequency_m * t[i] + phi)
                       - std::cos(frequency_m * t[i - 1] + phi)));
}
 
inline void TravelingWave::setPhasem(double phase) {
    phase_m      = phase;
    phaseCore1_m = phase_m + Physics::pi * mode_m / 2.0;
    phaseCore2_m = phase_m + Physics::pi * mode_m * 1.5;
    phaseExit_m =
        phase_m
        - Physics::two_pi * ((numCells_m - 1) * mode_m - std::floor((numCells_m - 1) * mode_m));
}
 
inline void TravelingWave::setNumCells(int NumCells) {
    numCells_m = NumCells;
}
 
inline void TravelingWave::setMode(double mode) {
    mode_m = mode;
}
 
inline CoordinateSystemTrafo TravelingWave::getEdgeToBegin() const {
    CoordinateSystemTrafo ret(
        Vector_t<double, 3>({0, 0, -0.5 * periodLength_m}), Quaternion(1, 0, 0, 0));
    return ret;
}
 
inline CoordinateSystemTrafo TravelingWave::getEdgeToEnd() const {
    CoordinateSystemTrafo ret(
        Vector_t<double, 3>({0, 0, -0.5 * periodLength_m + getElementLength()}),
        Quaternion(1, 0, 0, 0));
    return ret;
}
 
#endif  // CLASSIC_TravelingWave_HH